Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-6 (of 6 Records) |
Query Trace: Arellano D[original query] |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Harvard program evaluation practicum: 10 years of partnership in public health program evaluation
Ramsey LM , Thompson HL , Conrey E , Fuller TR , Brown MJ , Tiemeier H , Arellano D , Davis D , Okoroh E . J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2023 32 (11) 1150-1157 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s Division of Reproductive Health and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH) Program Evaluation Practicum (CDC/HSPH Practicum) is a mutually beneficial workforce development partnership formed to provide state, local, and tribal public health organizations with an evaluation plan for a maternal and child health (MCH) program. State, local, and tribal public health organizations submit an MCH program in need of evaluation for inclusion consideration. Student pairs are matched with the selected programs in a 3-week practical field-based experience. This Practicum provides didactic training for both program staff and students followed by field work at the public health organizations. Students provide organizations with comprehensive evaluation plans, complete with logic model, methodology, and indicators. Since the Practicum's inception in 2013, 104 HSPH graduate students have been trained and 30 states and 1 territory have participated and received evaluation plans for their MCH programs. The utility and importance of the CDC/HSPH Practicum is evidenced by program staff and student feedback. Multiple states have implemented the plans designed by the students, with some evaluations leading to program enhancements. The CDC/HSPH Practicum prepares students for the workforce and adds much needed capacity to public health organizations by providing them with evaluation knowledge and skills, and usable evaluation plans to improve MCH-a win-win for all. |
Seroprevalence, risk factors, and rodent reservoirs of leptospirosis in an urban community of Puerto Rico, 2015
Briskin EA , Casanovas-Massana A , Ryff KR , Morales-Estrada S , Hamond C , Perez-Rodriguez NM , Benavidez KM , Weinberger DM , Castro-Arellano I , Wunder EA , Sharp TM , Rivera-Garcia B , Ko AI . J Infect Dis 2019 220 (9) 1489-1497 BACKGROUND: The burden of leptospirosis in Puerto Rico remains unclear due to underreporting. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey and rodent trapping was performed in a community within San Juan, Puerto Rico to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for Leptospira infection. The microscopic agglutination test was used to detect anti-Leptospira antibodies as a marker of previous infection. We evaluated Leptospira carriage by qPCR among rodents trapped at the community site. RESULTS: Of 202 study participants, 55 (27.2%) had Leptospira agglutinating antibodies. Among the 55 seropositive individuals, antibodies were directed most frequently against serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae (22.0%) and Autumnalis (10.6%). Of 18 captured rodents, 11 (61.1%) carried pathogenic Leptospira (L. borgpetersenii, 7 and L. interrogans, 2). Four participants showed their highest titer against an isolate obtained from a rodent (serogroup Ballum). Increasing household distance to the canal that runs through the community was associated with decreased risk of infection (OR = 0.934 per 10m increase, 95% CI: 0.952-0.992). CONCLUSION: There are high levels of Leptospira exposure in an urban setting in Puerto Rico, for which rodents may be an important reservoir for transmission. Our findings indicate that prevention should focus on mitigating risk posed by infrastructure deficiencies such as the canal. |
Small-group randomized controlled trial to increase condom use and HIV testing among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men
Rhodes SD , Alonzo J , Mann L , Song EY , Tanner AE , Arellano JE , Rodriguez-Celedon R , Garcia M , Freeman A , Reboussin BA , Painter TM . Am J Public Health 2017 107 (6) e1-e8 OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the HOLA en Grupos intervention, a Spanish-language small-group behavioral HIV prevention intervention designed to increase condom use and HIV testing among Hispanic/Latino gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. METHODS: In 2012 to 2015, we recruited and randomized 304 Hispanic/Latino men who have sex with men, aged 18 to 55 years in North Carolina, to the 4-session HOLA en Grupos intervention or an attention-equivalent general health education comparison intervention. Participants completed structured assessments at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Follow-up retention was 100%. RESULTS: At follow-up, relative to comparison participants, HOLA en Grupos participants reported increased consistent condom use during the past 3 months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.2, 7.9; P < .001) and HIV testing during the past 6 months (AOR = 13.8; 95% CI = 7.6, 25.3; P < .001). HOLA en Grupos participants also reported increased knowledge of HIV (P < .001) and sexually transmitted infections (P < .001); condom use skills (P < .001), self-efficacy (P < .001), expectancies (P < .001), and intentions (P < .001); sexual communication skills (P < .01); and decreased fatalism (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The HOLA en Grupos intervention is efficacious for reducing HIV risk behaviors among Hispanic/Latino men who have sex with men. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print April 20, 2017: e1-e8. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303814). |
Notes from the field: outbreak of Serogroup B meningococcal disease at a university - California, 2016
Biswas HH , Han GS , Wendorf K , Winter K , Zipprich J , Perti T , Martinez L , Arellano A , Kyle JL , Zhang P , Harriman K . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016 65 (20) 520-1 On January 31, 2016, the Santa Clara County Public Health Department (SCCPHD) was notified of a suspected case of meningococcal disease in a university undergraduate student. By February 2, two additional suspected cases had been reported in undergraduate students living on the same campus. The index patient (patient A) required intensive care, whereas patients B and C had milder illness; there were no deaths. All three patients were part of overlapping social networks and had attended the same events during the week before the onset of patient A's symptoms, but whether they had direct contact with one another could not be verified. Serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis was identified in cerebrospinal fluid and blood from patient A and in blood from patient B. Serogroup B has been responsible for all U.S. college outbreaks of meningococcal disease since 2011 (1). Laboratory results for patient C were inconclusive. |
Obstetric emergencies at the United States-Mexico border crossings in El Paso, Texas
McDonald JA , Rishel K , Escobedo MA , Arellano DE , Cunningham TJ . Rev Panam Salud Publica 2015 37 (2) 76-82 OBJECTIVE: To describe the frequency, characteristics, and patient outcomes for women who accessed Emergency Medical Services (EMS) for obstetric emergencies at the ports of entry (POE) between El Paso, Texas, United States of America, and Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. METHODS: A descriptive study of women 12-49 years of age for whom an EMS ambulance was called to an El Paso POE location from December 2008-April 2011 was conducted. Women were identified through surveillance of EMS records. EMS and emergency department (ED) records were abstracted for all women through December 2009 and for women with an obstetric emergency through April 2011. For obstetric patients admitted to the hospital, additional prenatal and birth characteristics were collected. Frequencies and proportions were estimated for each variable; differences between residents of the United States and Mexico were tested. RESULTS: During December 2008-December 2009, 47.6% (68/143) of women receiving EMS assistance at an El Paso POE had an obstetric emergency, nearly 20 times the proportion for Texas overall. During December 2008-April 2011, 60.1% (66/109) of obstetric patients with ED records were admitted to hospital and 52 gave birth before discharge. Preterm birth (23.1%; No. = 12), low birth weight (9.6%; No. = 5), birth in transit (7.7%; No. = 4), and postpartum hemorrhage (5.8%; No. = 3) were common; fewer than one-half the women (46.2%; No. = 24) had evidence of prenatal care. CONCLUSIONS: The high proportion of obstetric EMS transports and high prevalence of complications in this population suggest a need for binational risk reduction efforts. |
Evaluation of the 2012 18th Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Epidemiology and 22nd CityMatCH MCH Urban Leadership Conference: six month impact on science, program, and policy
Arellano DE , Goodman DA , Howlette T , Kroelinger CD , Law M , Phillips D , Jones J , Brantley MD , Fitzgerald M . Matern Child Health J 2014 18 (7) 1565-71 The 18th Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Epidemiology and 22nd CityMatCH MCH Urban Leadership Conference took place in December 2012, covering MCH science, program, and policy issues. Assessing the impact of the Conference on attendees' work 6 months post-Conference provides information critical to understanding the impact and the use of new partnerships, knowledge, and skills gained during the Conference. Evaluation assessments, which included collection of quantitative and qualitative data, were administered at two time points: at Conference registration and 6 months post-Conference. The evaluation files were merged using computer IP address, linking responses from each assessment. Percentages of attendees reporting Conference impacts were calculated from quantitative data, and common themes and supporting examples were identified from qualitative data. Online registration was completed by 650 individuals. Of registrants, 30 % responded to the 6 month post-Conference assessment. Between registration and 6 month post-Conference evaluation, the distribution of respondents did not significantly differ by organizational affiliation. In the 6 months following the Conference, 65 % of respondents reported pursuing a networking interaction; 96 % shared knowledge from the Conference with co-workers and others in their agency; and 74 % utilized knowledge from the Conference to translate data into public health action. The Conference produced far-reaching impacts among Conference attendees. The Conference served as a platform for networking, knowledge sharing, and attaining skills that advance the work of attendees, with the potential of impacting organizational and workforce capacity. Increasing capacity could improve MCH programs, policies, and services, ultimately impacting the health of women, infants, and children. |
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